Evolution MCQs with Answers

Question-1. A population will not exist in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium if

1. individuals mate selectively
2. there are no mutations
3. there are no mutations
4. All of these

Question-2. Analogous structures are a result of

1. Convergent evolution
2. Convergent evolution
3. Shared ancestry
4. Stabilizing selection

Question-3. Artificial selection to obtain cows yielding higher milk output represents

1. Artificial selection to obtain cows yielding higher milk output represents
2. Disruptive as it splits the population into two one yielding higher output and the other lower output
3. Stabilizing followed by disruptive as it stabilizes the population to produce higher yielding cows
4. Stabilizing selection as it stabilizes this character in the population

Question-4. In 1953 S. L. Miller created primitive earth conditions in the laboratory and gave experimental evidence for origin of first form of life from preexisting non-living organic molecules. The primitive earth conditions created include:

1. high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CH4, NH3 etc
2. high temperature, volcanic storms, non-reducing atmosphere
3. low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere
4. low temperature, volcanic storms, atmosphere rich in oxygen

Question-5. In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by

1. 2pq
2. pq
3. Both
4. None of these

Question-6. Natural selection can lead to

1. stabilization
2. directional change
3. disruption
4. all of these

Question-7. Random genetic drift in a population probably results from

1. highly genetically variable individuals.
2. interbreeding within the population.
3. constant low mutation rate.
4. large population size.

Question-8. The first mammals were like

1. chimpanzee
2. gorilla
3. shrews
4. reptiles

Question-9. The principle of competitive exclusion was stated by

1. G.F. Gause
2. C. Darwin
3. Verhulst and Pearl
4. Mac Arthur

Question-10. Variations during mutations of meiotic recombinations are

1. random and directionless
2. random and directional
3. random and small
4. random, small and directional

Question-11. Which of the following characteristics is mainly responsible for diversification of insects on land?

1. Exoskeleton
2. Bilateral symmetry
3. Segmentation
4. Eyes

Question-12. ___________ is a vestigial organ

1. Vermiform appendix
2. None of the above
3. Papillae
4. Intestinal villi

Question-13. ‘Origin of species’ was written by

1. Oparin
2. Weismann
3. Lamarck
4. Darwin

Question-14. “Continuity of germplasm” theory was given by

1. deVries
2. Weismann
3. Darwin
4. Lamarck

Question-15. A population is in Hardy- weinberg equilibrium for a gene with only two alleles. If the gene frequency of an allele A is 0.7, the genotype frequency of Aa is

1. 0.21
2. 0.42
3. 0.36
4. 0.7

Question-16. Adaptive radiation refers to

1. power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments.
2. adaptations due to Geographical isolation.
3. evolution of different species from a common ancestor.
4. migration of members of a species to different geographical areas.

Question-17. Analogous organs are

1. different in origin but perform similar functions.
2. common in origin and perform common functions.
3. common in origin but perform different functions.
4. different in origin and perform different functions.

Question-18. Animal husbandry and plant breeding programmes are the examples of

1. artificial selection
2. reverse evolution
3. mutation
4. natural selection

Question-19. Appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example of

1. pre-existing variation in the population
2. divergent evolution
3. transduction
4. adaptive radiation

Question-20. Darwin in his ‘Natural Selection Theory’ did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution?

1. Discontinuous variations
2. Parasites and predators as natural enemies
3. Survival of the fittest
4. Struggle for existence

Question-21. Darwin’s finches are a good example of

1. convergent evolution
2. industrial melanism
3. connecting link
4. adaptive radiation

Question-22. Darwin’s theory of pangenesis shows similarity with theory of inheritance of acquired characters then what will be correct according to it?

1. Useful organs become strong and developed while useless organs become extinct. These organs help in struggle for survival
2. Size of organs increase with ageing
3. Development of organs is due to will power
4. There should become physical basis of inheritance

Question-23. Evolution is

1. progressive development of a race
2. history and development of race alongwith ariations
3. history of race
4. development of race

Question-24. Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from:

1. water to land
2. fresh water to sea water
3. dryland to wet land
4. land to water

Question-25. Example of a homologous organ

1. The arm of a human, wing of a bird
2. Wing of an insect, wing of a bird
3. Wing of an insect, wing of a bird
4. None of the above

Question-26. Extremities, tail and ear are relatively shorter in animals living in cooler regions as compared to those inhabiting warmer zones. This is

1. Bergman’s rule
2. Jordan’s rule
3. Gloger’s rule
4. Allen’s rule

Question-27. For the MN-blood group system, the frequencies of M and N alleles are 0.7 and 0.3, respectively. The expected frequency of MN-blood group bearing organisms is likely to be

1. 42%
2. 49%
3. 9%
4. 58%

Question-28. Fossils are generally found in

1. Sedimentary rocks
2. Igneous rocks
3. Metamorphic rocks
4. Any type of rock

Question-29. Frequency of a character increases when it is

1. recessive
2. dominant
3. inheritable
4. adaptable

Question-30. Genetic drift is change of

1. gene frequency in same generation
2. appearance of recessive genes
3. gene frequency from one generation to next
4. None of the above

Question-31. Genetic drift operates in

1. small isolated population
2. large isolated population
3. fast reproductive population
4. slow reproductive population

Question-32. Genetic drift operates only in

1. smaller populations
2. larger populations
3. Mendelian populations
4. island populations

Question-33. Homologous organs show

1. divergent evolution.
2. convergent evolution.
3. parallel evolution.
4. both b) and c).

Question-34. How is extinction represented in a family tree diagram?

1. When a branch splits.
2. When a branch ends.
3. When a branch shifts along x - axis.
4. When a branch shifts along y - axis.

Question-35. Identify the correct sequence in which the following substances have appeared during the course of evolution of life on earth

1. glucose, amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins
2. ammonia, amino adds, proteins, nucleic acids
3. water, amino acids, nucleic acids, enzymes
4. amino acids, ammonia, phosphates, nucleic acids

Question-36. If the frequency of dominant allele is 60%, find out the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population.

1. 48%
2. 50%
3. 47%
4. 45%

Question-37. In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner?

1. Migration
2. Mutation
3. Random drift
4. Selection

Question-38. In general, in the developmental history of a mammalian heart, it is observed that it passes through a two-chambered fish-like heart, three-chambered frog-like heart and finally to four-chambered stage. To which hypothesis can this above cited statement be hypothesis can this above cited statement be approximated?

1. Hardy-Weinberg law
2. LamarckÂ’s principle
3. Biogenetic law
4. Mendelian principles

Question-39. In which condition the gene ratio remains constant for any species?

1. Sexual selection
2. Random mating
3. Mutation
4. Gene flow

Question-40. Industrial melanism is an example of

1. drug resistance.
2. darkening of skin due to smoke from industries.
3. protective resemblance with the surroundings.
4. defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations.

Question-41. Palaentological evidences for evolution refer to the

1. fossils
2. homologous organs
3. development of embryo
4. analogous organs

Question-42. Parallelism is

1. adaptive divergence
2. adaptive divergence of widely separated species
3. adaptive convergence of widely different species
4. adaptive convergence of closely related groups

Question-43. Random genetic drift in a population probably results from

1. large population size
2. highly genetically variable individuals
3. interbreeding within this population
4. constant low mutation rate

Question-44. Sequence of which of the following is used to know the phylogeny?

1. mRNA
2. rRNA
3. tRNA
4. DNA

Question-45. Similarities in organisms with different genotype indicates

1. micro-evolution
2. macro-evolution
3. convergent evolution
4. divergent evolution

Question-46. Single step large mutation leading to speciation is also called

1. Founder effect
2. saltation
3. branching descent
4. natural selection

Question-47. Stanley L. Miller conducted experiments before 1953 on prebiotic earth environment using special apparatus. The primary surprising products were

1. amino acids
2. peptides
3. nucleotides
4. simple sugars

Question-48. Tasmanian Wolf is a marsupial while Wolf is a placental mammal. This shows

1. convergent evolution
2. divergent evolution
3. inheritance of acquired characters
4. None of these

Question-49. The bones of forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and man are similar in structure, because

1. they share a common ancestor
2. one organism has given rise to another
3. they perform the same function
4. the have biochemical similarities

Question-50. The earliest geological time period among the following is

1. Cambrian
2. Permian
3. Jurassic
4. Quaternary

Question-51. The experiment that simulated conditions thought to be present on the early earth

1. Miller–Urey experiment
2. Schiehallion experimen
3. Geiger–Marsden experiment
4. Hershey–Chase experiment

Question-52. The Finches of Galapogas islands provide an evidence in favour of

1. biogeographical evolution
2. special creation
3. evolution due to mutation
4. retrogressive evolution EBD_7209 Evolution 253

Question-53. The first organisms were

1. chemoautotrophs
2. chemoheterotrophs
3. autotrophs
4. eukaryotes

Question-54. The force that initiates evolution is

1. Variation
2. Mutation
3. Extinction
4. Adaptation

Question-55. The theory of spontaneous generation stated that

1. life can arise from non-living things only
2. life arises spontaneously, neither from living nor from the non-living.
3. life can arise from both living and non-living
4. life arose from living forms only

Question-56. Theory of inheritance of acquired characters was given by

1. Wallace
2. Lamarck
3. Darwin
4. deVries

Question-57. Theory of natural selection dwells on

1. role of environment in evolution
2. natural selection acting on favourable variations
3. changes in gene complex resulting in heritable variations
4. None of the above

Question-58. Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita are examples of

1. retrogressive evolution.
2. analogous organs.
3. homologous organs.
4. vestigial organs.

Question-59. Viviparity is considered to be more evolved because

1. the young ones are protected inside the mother's body and are looked after they are born leading to more chances of survival
2. the embryo takes a long time to develop
3. the young ones are protected by a thick shell
4. the young ones are left on their own

Question-60. Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that

1. Darwin was correct
2. tail is an essential organ
3. mutation theory is wrong
4. Lamarckism was wrong in inheritance of acquired characters

Question-61. What is common amongst whale, seal and shark?

1. Homoiothermy
2. Seasonal migration
3. Thick subcutaneous fat
4. Convergent evolution

Question-62. Which of the following is an example for link species?

1. Lobe fish
2. Dodo bird
3. Sea weed
4. Tyrannosaurus rex

Question-63. Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator?

1. Lichens
2. Lepidoptera
3. Lycopersicon
4. Lycopodium

Question-64. Which one does not favour Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?

1. Lack of pigment in cave dwellers
2. Absence of limbs in snakes
3. Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds
4. Melanization of peppered moth in industrial areas

Question-65. Which one is irrelevant to evolution of man?

1. Perfection of hand for tool making
2. Change of diet from hard nuts/roots to soft food
3. Increased ability to communicate or develop community behaviour
4. Loss of tail

Question-66. Which type of selection is industrial melanism observed in moth, Biston bitularia:

1. Directional
2. Stabilising
3. Disruptive
4. Artificial

Question-67. Which was absent in the atmosphere at the time of origin of life?

1. NH3
2. H2
3. O2
4. CH

Question-68. Who proposed that the first form of life come from preexisting non- living molecules?

1. Oparin and Haldane
2. de Vries and Haldane
3. Darwin and Lamarck
4. Louis Pasteur and Miller