Biotechnology and its Applications MCQs with Answers

Question-1. A probe which is a molecule used to locate specific sequences in a mixture of DNA or RNA molecules could be

1. Can be ss DNA but not ss RNA
2. A single stranded DNA
3. A single stranded RNA
4. Either RNA or DNA

Question-2. A protoxin is:

1. Toxin produced by protozoa
2. A denatured toxin
3. A primitive toxin
4. Inactive toxin

Question-3. Bt cotton is not

1. A bacterial gene expressing system
2. Insect resistant
3. A GM plant
4. Resistant to all pesticides

Question-4. Choose the correct option regarding Retrovirus

1. A DNA virus that can synthesise RNA during infection
2. A ssDNA virus
3. A dsRNA virus
4. An RNA virus that can synthesise DNA during infection

Question-5. Clot buster obtained from Streptococcus and modified by genetic engineering is

1. Penicillin
2. Cyclosporin A
3. Statins
4. Streptokinase

Question-6. C-peptide of human insulin is

1. Responsible for its biological activity
2. Responsible for formation of disulphide bridges
3. A part of mature insulin molecule
4. Removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin

Question-7. E. coli are used in production of

1. LH
2. ecdysone
3. interferon
4. rifampicin

Question-8. GEAC stands for

1. Genetic and Environment Approval committee
2. Ground Environment Action Committee
3. Genome Engineering Action Committee
4. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

Question-9. Genes of interest can be selected from a genomic library by using

1. cloning vectors
2. DNA probes
3. gene targets
4. restriction enzymes

Question-10. Maturation of proinsulin into insulin takes place after

1. Joining of c-peptide
2. Addition of disulphide bridge
3. Joining of c-peptide
4. Maturation of proinsulin into insulin takes place after

Question-11. Pathophysiology is the

1. None of the above
2. Study of normal physiology of host
3. Study of physiology of pathogen
4. Study of altered physiology of host

Question-12. Production of human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because

1. Bacterial cell can undertake RNA splicing
2. Mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humn and bacteria
3. None of these
4. Genetic code is universal

Question-13. Restriction endonuclease is employed for cutting

1. RNA fragment
2. mRNA
3. A single strand DNA
4. Double strand DNA

Question-14. Restriction enzymes are also called

1. Carriers
2. Vectors
3. Molecular makers
4. Molecular scissors

Question-15. RNA interference helps in

1. Cell differentiation
2. Micropropagation
3. Cell proliferation
4. Cell defence

Question-16. Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are

1. High yield and resistance to bollworms
2. High yield and resistance to bollworms
3. All of these
4. High yield and production of toxic proteins ceystals which kill dipteran pests

Question-17. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4 years old girl with enzyme deficiency of

1. tyrosine oxidase
2. monamine oxidase
3. glutamate dehydrogenase
4. adenosine deaminase (ADA)

Question-18. The first human drug made using recombinant DNA technology was

1. TPA
2. insulin
3. erythropoietin
4. glyphosatase

Question-19. The site of production of ADA in the body is

1. lymphocytes
2. blood plasma
3. monocytes
4. bone marrow

Question-20. The site of production of ADA in the body is

1. Bone marrow
2. Blood plasma
3. Monocytes
4. Lymphocytes

Question-21. The trigger for activation of toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis is

1. Mechanical action in the insect gut
2. High temperature
3. Acidic pH of stomach
4. Alkaline pH of gut

Question-22. Which bacterium is used in the production of insulin by genetic engineering?

1. Mycobacterium
2. Rhizobium
3. Saccharomyces
4. Escherichia

Question-23. Which of the following is the quality of improved transgenic basmati rice?

1. Does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones
2. Resistant to insects and diseases
3. Resistant to insects and diseases
4. Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A

Question-24. a - 1 antitrypsin is :

1. Used to treat arthritis
2. An enzyme
3. An antacid
4. Used to treat emphysema

Question-25. ADA is an enzyme which is deficient in a genetic disorder SCID. What is the full form of ADA?

1. Aspartate deaminase
2. Arginine deaminase
3. Adenosine deoxy aminase
4. Adenosine deaminase

Question-26. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice

1. gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
2. is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy
3. gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma
4. does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones

Question-27. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel

1. bio-metallurgical techniques
2. bio-mineralization processes
3. bio-insecticidal plants
4. bio-fertilizers

Question-28. Bt toxin is harmful to insects like

1. coleopterans (beetles)
2. dipterans (flies and mosquito)
3. all of the above
4. lepidoterans (tobacco budworm, armyworms)

Question-29. Bt toxin kill the larvae of certain insects

1. by stopping transcription of larval cells.
2. by altering central dogma taking place in the cells of gut of larva.
3. by stopping protein synthesis.
4. by binding of activated toxin on mid gut epithelial cells, creating pores, leading to swelling and lysis.

Question-30. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness as- sociated with vitamin ‘A’ deficiency

1. Bt-Brinjal
2. Flaver Savr tomato
3. Canolla
4. Golden rice

Question-31. C-peptide of human insulin is

1. responsible for formation of disulphide bridges.
2. removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin.
3. responsible for its biological activity.
4. a part of mature insulin molecule.

Question-32. Cry protein is obtained from

1. Bacillus subtilis
2. Clostridium welchi
3. E. coli
4. Bacillus thuringiensis

Question-33. Cry-genes have been introduced in

1. rice
2. potato and soyabean
3. all of the above
4. cotton and corn

Question-34. Cry-I endotoxins obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis are effective against

1. flies
2. nematodes
3. bollworms
4. mosquitoes

Question-35. DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecule is called ___________ .

1. probe
2. clone
3. plasmid
4. vector

Question-36. Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing

1. transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
2. transgenic Cow-Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee
3. animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power
4. transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans

Question-37. Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial produc- tion of

1. testosterone
2. thyroxine
3. melatonin
4. human insulin

Question-38. Golden rice is

1. Wild variety of rice with yellow coloured grains
2. Long stored rice having yellow colour tint
3. A variety of rice grown along the yellow river in China
4. A transgenic rice having gene for - carotene

Question-39. Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of :

1. Vitamin B
2. Vitamin C
3. Omega 3
4. Vitamin A

Question-40. Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trait

1. content
2. insect resistance
3. high protein contentd) high vitamin-A content
4. high lysine (essential amino aci

Question-41. In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tis- sue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to :-

1. Action of gut micro-organisms
2. Presence of conversion factors in insect gut
3. Alkaline pH of the insect gut
4. Acidic pH of the insect gut

Question-42. In genetics engineering which is used for transfer of genes from one cell to another

1. Probe
2. Virus
3. Plasmid
4. Vector

Question-43. In RNAi, genes are silenced using

1. ss RNA
2. ds DNA
3. ss DNA
4. ds RNA

Question-44. In some children, ADA deficiency can be cured by

1. enzyme replacement therapy
2. both a) and b)
3. none of the above
4. bone marrow transplantation

Question-45. Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of

1. Mice
2. Cow
3. Pig
4. Fish

Question-46. PCR technique was invented by

1. Boyer
2. Sanger
3. None of these
4. Karry Mullis

Question-47. Producing a giant mouse in the laboratory was possible through

1. gene manipulation
2. gene synthesis
3. gene duplication
4. gene mutation

Question-48. Production of a human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because

1. the human chromosome can replicate in bacterial cell
2. the mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria
3. the genetic code is universal
4. bacterial cell can carry out the RNA splicing reactions

Question-49. Read the following four statements (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them. (A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie pro- duced milk which was human alpha-lac- talbumin enriched.(B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro molecules.(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of R-DNA technology.(D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of R-DNA into the host.Which are the two statements having mis- takes ?

1. Statements (B) and (C)
2. Statements (C) and (D)
3. Statements (A) and (C)
4. Statements (A) and (B)

Question-50. Recombinant DNA or rDNA technology as discovered by

1. Sutton and Avery
2. Sutton and Avery
3. All of these
4. Cohen and Boyer

Question-51. RNA interference (RNAi) technique has been devised to protect the plants from nematode is silenced by ______produced by the host plant

1. ssDNA
2. dsRNA
3. target proteins
4. dsDNA

Question-52. Silencing of a gene could be achieved through the use of

1. none of the above
2. antisense RNA
3. short interfering RNA (RNAi
4. by both

Question-53. Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are

1. Medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests
2. high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
3. High yield and resistance to bollworms
4. Long fibre and resistance to aphids

Question-54. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as

1. Source of industrial enzyme
2. Indicator of water pollution
3. Insecticide
4. Agent for production of dairy products

Question-55. The crops engineered for glyphosate are re- sistant/ tolerant to :-

1. Insects
2. Herbicides
3. Fungi
4. Bacteria

Question-56. The first clinical gene therapy was done for the treatment of

1. Cystic fibrosis
2. Cancer
3. AIDS
4. SCID (Servere Combined Immuno Deficiency resulting form deficiency of ADA)

Question-57. The first human hormone produced by re- combinant DNA technology is -

1. Estrogen
2. Thyroxine
3. Progesterone
4. Insulin

Question-58. The first successfully cloned mammals (ani- mal) that gained worldwide publicity was

1. Polly (a sheep)
2. Chance (a bull)
3. Dolly (a sheep)
4. Molly (a sheep)

Question-59. The genetic defect - adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by

1. enzyme replacement therapy.
2. periodic infusion of genetically engi- neered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA.
3. administering adenosine deaminase activators.
4. introducing bone marrow cells produc- ing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages.

Question-60. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for

1. enhancing shelf life
2. enhancing mineral content
3. drought-resistance
4. insect-resistance

Question-61. The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to

1. Fungi
2. Viruses
3. Insects
4. Nematodes

Question-62. The protein a-1 antitrypsin is used to treat the

1. rheumatoid arthritis
2. Alzheimer's disease
3. emphysema
4. cancer

Question-63. The transgenic animals are those which have

1. foreign DNA in all its cells
2. foreign RNA in all its cells
3. DNA and RNA both in the cells
4. foreign DNA in some of its cells

Question-64. Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells)

1. a particular hormone.
2. an antifeedant.
3. a toxic protein.
4. both sense and anti-sense RNA.

Question-65. Transgenic plants are the ones

1. grown in artificial medium after hybrid- ization in the field.
2. produced by a somatic embryo in artifi- cial medium.
3. generated by introducing foreign DNA in to a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.
4. produced after protoplast fusion in arti- ficial medium.

Question-66. What is true about Bt toxin?

1. The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.
2. The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.
3. Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus.
4. The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.

Question-67. Which body of the Government of India regu- lates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services ?

1. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
2. Research Committeeon Genetic Manipulation
3. Bio-safety committee
4. Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Question-68. Which is a genetically modified crop?

1. Golden rice
2. Bt-brinjal
3. Bt-cotton
4. All of these

Question-69. Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR ?

1. It remains active at high temperature
2. It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells
3. It serves as a selectable marker
4. It is isolated from a virus

Question-70. Antigens are present

1. Inside cytoplasm
2. On cell surface
3. Inside lysosomes
4. Inside nucleus

Question-71. Biological control of agricultural pests, unlike chemical control is

1. self perpetuation
2. polluting
3. very expensive
4. toxic

Question-72. Confusion technique is used in

1. Eliminating weeds
2. Increasing population of predators
3. Developing herbicides
4. Reducing harmful insects

Question-73. Genetically engineered bacteria have been used in commercial production of

1. Testosterone
2. Human insulin
3. Melatonium
4. Thyroxine

Question-74. Hepatitis B vaccine is

1. Second generation vaccine
2. Third generation vaccine
3. Interferon
4. First generation vaccine

Question-75. Humulin is the term used for

1. A new digestive enzyme
2. New Research integrated to human welfare
3. Human insulin
4. A powerful antibiotic

Question-76. Kohler and Milstein developed biotechnology for production of

1. Immobilised enzymes
2. Monoclonal antibodies
3. Myelomas
4. Modern vaccines

Question-77. Number of antibiotics isolated till now is

1. Over 7000
2. About 1700
3. Around 70
4. Around 700

Question-78. Number of known enzymes is

1. 2200
2. About 5000
3. Around 500
4. 1200

Question-79. On what Indian bioresource did Vandana Shiva's efforts get the patent cancelled?

1. Anti-diabetes property of Karela
2. Insecticides from Neem
3. Laxative property of animals
4. Healing principle of turmeric

Question-80. The discovery that led to the development of first antibiotic was made by

1. Pasteur
2. Fleming
3. Waksman
4. Jenner

Question-81. The first bioherbicide was obtained from

1. Phytophthora palmivora
2. Phythophthora infestons
3. Bacillus thuringiensis
4. Peninciilium

Question-82. The first transgenic crop was

1. Flax
2. Tobacco
3. Cotton
4. Pea

Question-83. The two vitamins manufactured biotechnologically are

1. Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B2
2. Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B2
3. Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B9
4. Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6

Question-84. Transgenic crops developed to tolerate herbicides are

1. Rice and wheat
2. Maize and sugarcane
3. Tomato and Tobacco
4. Tomato and rice

Question-85. What was the world's first ever mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell?

1. Monkey
2. Cow
3. Calf
4. Sheep