Cell the unit of life MCQs with Answers

Question-1. Which one of the following combination is mismatched?

1. Pili - Reproduction
2. Cell wall - Protective, determines shape, prevents from bursting
3. Flagella, Pili and Fimbriae - Surface structures of bacterial cell
4. Glycocalyx - may be capsule or slime layer

Question-2. Which pair of structures are usually found in both plant and animal cells?

1. Cell membrane and nucleolus
2. Cell membrane and cell wall
3. Nucleolus and chloroplast
4. Nucleus and cell wall

Question-3. …............................increases the surface area for mitochondrial activity.

1. Inner membrane
2. Inter membrane space
3. Matrix
4. Cristae

Question-4. A nucleosome is a portion of the chromonema containing

1. both DNA and histones
2. only histones
3. both DNA and RNA
4. only DNA

Question-5. Bacterial flagella is made up of

1. tubulin
2. flagellin
3. chitin
4. None of these

Question-6. Cell secretion is done by

1. Plastids
2. ER
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Nucleolus

Question-7. Centrosome is found in-

1. Cytoplasm
2. Nucleus
3. Chromosomes
4. Nucleolus

Question-8. Keeping in view the fluid mosaic model for the structure of cell membrane, which one of the following statements is correct with respect to the movement of lipids and proteins from one lipid monolayer to the other (described as flip-flop movement)?

1. Neither lipids, nor proteins can flip-flop
2. Both lipids and proteins can flip-flop
3. While lipids can rarely flip-flop, proteins can not
4. While proteins can flip-flop, lipids can not

Question-9. Middle lamella is made up of

1. calcium sulphide
2. calcium pectate
3. calcium carbonate
4. calcium chloride

Question-10. Plasma membrane is

1. impermeable
2. semi-permeable
3. completely permeable
4. differentially permeable

Question-11. Plasmolysis occurs due to

1. Absorption
2. Endosmosis
3. Osmosis
4. Exosmosis

Question-12. The cytoplasmic connections from cell to cell are known as

1. middle lamella
2. plasmodesmata
3. cell membrane system
4. endoplasmic reticulum

Question-13. The function of ribosomes is

1. metabolism
2. lipid synthesis
3. protein synthesis
4. photosynthesis

Question-14. The largest cell in the human body is

1. Nerve cell
2. Muscle cell
3. Liver cell
4. Kidney cell

Question-15. The longest cell in human body is

1. red blood cells
2. white blood cells
3. columnar epithelial cells
4. nerve cells

Question-16. The main site for synthesis of lipids is

1. vacuoles
2. RER
3. SER
4. Golgi body

Question-17. The term Cell was given by

1. Leeuwenhoek
2. Robert hooke
3. Flemming
4. Robert Brown

Question-18. Which is called Suicidal Bag?

1. Centrosome
2. Lysosome
3. Mesosome
4. Chromosome

Question-19. Which of the following does not have cell wall?

1. Mycoplasma
2. Bacteria
3. PPLO
4. Blue green algae

Question-20. Which one of the following also acts as a catalyst in a bacterial cell?

1. 23 sr RNA
2. 5 sr RNA
3. sn RNA
4. hn RNA

Question-21. Cell recognition and adhesion are facilitated by components of plasma membrane. These components are generally

1. glycolipids and glycoproteins
2. both lipids and proteins
3. protein molecules alone
4. None of these

Question-22. A major break through in the studies of cells came with the development of electron microscope. This is because

1. the resolving power of the electron microscope is 200-350 nm as compared to 0.1- 0.2 for the light microscope
2. electron beam can pass through thick materials, whereas light microscopy required thin sections
3. the electron microscope is more powerful than the light microscope as it uses a beam of electrons which has wavelength much longer than that of photons
4. the resolution power of the electron microscope is much higher than that of the light microscope

Question-23. A student wishes to study the cell structure under a light microscope having 10X eyepiece and 45X objective. He should illuminate the object by which one of the following colours of light so as to get the best possible resolution?

1. Blue
2. Green
3. Yellow
4. Red

Question-24. According to widely accepted “fluid mosaic model” cell membranes are semi-fluid, where lipids and integral proteins can diffuse randomly. In recent years, this model has been modified in several respects. In this regard,which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Proteins in cell membranes can travel within the lipid bilayer
2. Proteins can also undergo flip-flop movements in the lipid bilayer
3. Proteins can remain confined within certain domains of the membrane
4. Many proteins remain completely embedded within the lipid bilayer

Question-25. Addition of new cell wall particles amongst the existing ones is

1. deposition
2. apposition
3. intussusception
4. aggregation

Question-26. Addition of new cell wall particles amongst the existing ones is

1. deposition
2. apposition
3. intussusception
4. aggregation

Question-27. Aleuroplasts, amyloplasts and elaioplasts

1. Store protein, starch and fat respectively
2. Help in photolysis of water
3. Store reserve food and pigments
4. Divide by multiple fission

Question-28. All plastids have similar structure because they can

1. store starch, lipids and proteins
2. get transformed from one type to another
3. perform same function
4. be present together

Question-29. An outer covering membrane is absent over

1. nucleolus
2. lysosome
3. mitochondrion
4. plastids

Question-30. Angstrom (Ã…) is equal to

1. 0.01 µm
2. 0.001µm
3. 0.0001µm
4. 0.00001 µm

Question-31. Binding of specific protein on regulatory DNA sequence can be studied by means of

1. ultra centrifugation
2. electron microscope
3. light microscope
4. X-rays crystallography

Question-32. Cell organelles having hydrolases/digestive enzymes are

1. peroxisomes
2. lysosomes
3. ribosomes
4. mesosomes

Question-33. Cell wall shows

1. complete permeability
2. semi-permeability
3. differential permeability
4. impermeability

Question-34. Chlorophyll in chloroplast is located in

1. grana
2. pyrenoid
3. stroma
4. Both a) and c)

Question-35. During photorespiration, the oxygen consuming reaction occurs in

1. stroma of chloroplasts and mitochondria
2. stroma of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
3. grana of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
4. stroma of chloroplasts

Question-36. Electron microscope has a high resolution power. This is due to

1. electromagnetic lenses
2. very low wavelength of electron beam
3. low wavelength of light source used
4. high numerical aperture of glass lenses used

Question-37. Extra nuclear inheritance is a consequence of presence of genes in

1. mitochondria and chloroplasts
2. endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
3. ribosomes and chloroplast
4. lysosomes and ribosomes

Question-38. Flagella of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in

1. type of movement and placement in cell
2. location in cell and mode of functioning
3. microtubular organization and type of movement
4. microtubular organization and function

Question-39. Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was put forward by

1. Danielli and Davson
2. Singer and Nicolson
3. Garner and Allard
4. Watson and Crick

Question-40. Gel electrophoresis is used for

1. cutting of DNA into fragments
2. separation of DNA fragments according to their size
3. construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
4. isolation of DNA molecule

Question-41. Genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are generally located in

1. mitochondrial genome
2. cytosol
3. chloroplast genome
4. nuclear genome

Question-42. Golgi apparatus is absent in

1. higher plants
2. yeast
3. bacteria and blue-green algae
4. None of the above

Question-43. In an animal cell, protein synthesis takes place

1. only on the ribosomes present in cytosol
2. only on ribosomes attached to nuclear envelope and ER
3. on ribosomes present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm
4. on ribosomes present in the cytosol as well as in the mitochondria

Question-44. In chloroplasts, chlorophyll is present in the

1. outer membrane
2. inner membrane
3. thylakoids
4. stroma

Question-45. In fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane

1. upper layer is non-polar and hydrophilic
2. upper layer is polar and hydrophobic
3. phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part
4. proteins form a middle layer

Question-46. In plant cells, peroxisomes are associated with

1. photorespiration
2. phototropism
3. photoperiodism
4. photosynthesis

Question-47. In which one of the following is nitrogen not a constituent?

1. Pepsin
2. Idioblast
3. Bacteriochlorophyll
4. Invertase

Question-48. Inner membrane convolutions of a mitochondrion are known as

1. lamellae
2. thylakoids
3. grana
4. cristae

Question-49. Lysosomes are reservoirs of

1. RNA and protein
2. fats
3. secretory glycoproteins
4. hydrolytic enzymes

Question-50. Lysosomes have a high content of

1. hydrolytic enzymes
2. lipoproteins
3. polyribosomes
4. DNAligases

Question-51. Magnification of compound microscope is not connected with

1. numerical aperture
2. focal length of objective
3. focal length of eye piece
4. tube length

Question-52. Membranous bag with hydrolytic enzymes which is used for controlling intracellular digestion of macromolecules is

1. endoplasmic reticulum
2. nucleosome
3. lysosome
4. phagosome

Question-53. Microtubule is involved in the

1. cell division
2. membrane architecture
3. muscle contraction
4. DNA recognition

Question-54. Microtubules absent in

1. mitochondria
2. centriole
3. flagella
4. spindle fibres

Question-55. Mitochondrial cristae are sites of

1. breakdown of macromolecules
2. protein synthesis
3. phosphorylation of flavoproteins
4. oxidation-reduction reactions

Question-56. Most abundant lipid in the cell membrane is

1. phospholipids
2. cerebrosides
3. glycolipids
4. None of these

Question-57. Name of Schleiden and Schwann are associated with

1. protoplasm as the physical basis of life
2. cell theory
3. theory of cell lineage
4. nucleus functions as control centre of cell

Question-58. Organelle having flattened membrane bound cisternae and lying near the nucleus is

1. Golgi apparatus
2. mitochondrion
3. centriole
4. nucleolus

Question-59. Organelle/organoid involved in genetic engineering is

1. plasmid
2. mitochondrion
3. Golgi apparatus
4. lomasome

Question-60. Organelles can be separated from cell homogenate through

1. chromatography
2. X-rays diffraction
3. differential centrifugation
4. auto-radiography

Question-61. Oxysomes or F0-F1 particles occur on

1. thylakoids
2. mitochondrial surface
3. inner mitochondrial membrane
4. chloroplast surface

Question-62. Photosynthetic bacteria have pigments in

1. chromoplasts
2. leucoplasts
3. chloroplasts
4. chromatophore

Question-63. Plasma membrane is made up of

1. proteins and carbohydrates
2. proteins and lipids
3. proteins, lipids and carbohydrates
4. proteins, some nucleic acid and lipids

Question-64. Polyribosomes are aggregates of

1. ribosomes and rRNA
2. only rRNA
3. peroxisomes
4. several ribosomes held together by string of mRNA

Question-65. Protein synthesis in an animal cell occurs

1. only on the ribosomes present in cytosol
2. only on ribosomes attached to the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum
3. on ribosomes present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm
4. on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria

Question-66. Quasi-fluid nature of membrane is due to

1. Phospholipid
2. Peripheral protein
3. Integral protein
4. Sugar moiety

Question-67. Reformation of nucleolus, golgi complex and ER occurs in

1. Anaphase
2. Metaphase
3. Both
4. None of these

Question-68. Resolution power is the ability to

1. distinguish two trees
2. distinguish two close objects
3. distinguish amongst organelles
4. magnify image

Question-69. Ribosomes are the centre for

1. respiration
2. photosynthesis
3. protein synthesis
4. fat synthesis

Question-70. Ribosomes were discovered by

1. Golg
2. Porter
3. de Robertis
4. Palade

Question-71. Select the wrong statement from the following

1. both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane
2. both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane
3. both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA
4. the chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria

Question-72. Series of reactions which can convert fatty acids to sugars in plants but not in animals is

1. Krebs cycle
2. glyoxylate cycle
3. Ornithine cycle
4. glycolysis

Question-73. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is well developed in the cells which synthesize

1. steorids
2. carbohydrates
3. proteins
4. all of these

Question-74. Some of the enzymes which are associated in converting fats into carbohydrates, are present in

1. liposomes
2. Golgi bodies
3. microsomes
4. glyoxysomes

Question-75. The cell as a basic unit of structure of living beings was discovered by

1. Schleiden and Schwann
2. Gregore Mendel
3. Robert Hooke
4. Aristotle

Question-76. The cell organelle involved in glycosylation of protein is

1. endoplasmic reticulum
2. mitochondria
3. peroxisome
4. ribosome

Question-77. The desmosomes are concerned with

1. cytolysis
2. cell division
3. cell adherence
4. cellular excretion

Question-78. The fluidity of membranes in a plant in cold weather may be maintained by

1. increasing the number of phospholipids with unsaturated hydrocarbon tails
2. increasing the proportion of integral proteins
3. increasing concentration of cholesterol in membrane
4. increasing the number of phospholipids with saturated hydrocarbon tail

Question-79. The function of rough endoplasmic reticulum is

1. fat synthesis
2. lipid synthesis
3. protein synthesis
4. steroid synthesis

Question-80. The main organelle involved in modification and routing of newly synthesized proteins to their destinations is

1. chloroplast
2. mitochondria
3. lysosome
4. endoplasmic reticulum

Question-81. The mechanism of ATP formation both in chloroplast and mitochondria is explained by

1. Relay pump theory of Godlewski
2. Cholodny-Went’s model
3. Chemiosmotic theory
4. Munch’s mass flow hypothesis

Question-82. The nucleolus is the site of formation of

1. ribosomes
2. spindle fibres
3. chromosomes
4. peroxisomes

Question-83. The outer layer of vacuole is called

1. tonoplast
2. leucoplast
3. cell wall
4. plasmalayer

Question-84. The prokaryotic flagella possess

1. unit membrane enclosed fibre
2. protein membrane enclosed fibre
3. ‘9+2’ membrane enclosed structure
4. helically arranged protein molecule

Question-85. The proteins are synthesized at

1. ribosomes
2. mitochondria
3. centrosomes
4. Golgi bodies

Question-86. What is the site of DNA and centriole duplication respectively

1. Nucleus, cytoplasm
2. Nucleus, nucleus
3. Cytoplasm, nucleus
4. Nucleus, nucleolous

Question-87. Which group of organelles is involved in synthesis of substances needed by cell?

1. Ribosome, RER, SER
2. RER, lysosome, vacuole
3. Lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
4. Noner of these

Question-88. Which is correct about cell theory in view of current status of our knowledge about cell structure?

1. It needs modification due to discovery of subcellular structures like chloroplasts and mitochondria
2. Modified cell theory means that all living beings are composed of cells capable of reproducing
3. Cell theory does not hold good because all living beings do not have cellular organisation (eg, viruses)
4. Cell theory means that all living objects consist of cells whether or not capable of reproducing

Question-89. Which of the following cell organelle remains enveloped by a single unit membrane?

1. Lysosomes
2. Chloroplast
3. Mitochondria
4. Nucleus

Question-90. Which of the following feature is not associated with centrosome?

1. Lipid bilayer covering
2. Two centriole
3. Two cylindrical structures
4. Pericentriolar material

Question-91. Which of the following organ has single membrane?

1. Nucleus
2. Cell wall
3. Mitochondria
4. Spherosomes

Question-92. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondrial membrane is not correct?

1. The enzymes of the electron transfer chain are embedded in the outer membrane
2. The inner membrane is highly convoluted forming a series of infoldings
3. The outer membrane resembles a sieve
4. The outer membrane is permeable to all kinds of molecules

Question-93. Which one is apparato reticulare interno?

1. Golgi apparatus
2. Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Microfilaments
4. Microtubules