Cell cycle and cell division MCQs with Answers

Question-1. The centromere is situated close to its ends and forming one extremely short and one very long arm in

1. Metacentric chromosome
2. Acrocentric chromosome
3. Telocentric chromosome
4. Sub-metacentric chromosome

Question-2. A bivalent consists of

1. four chromatids and four centromeres
2. two chromatids and one centromere
3. two chromatids and two centromeres
4. four chromatids and two centromeres

Question-3. At what stage of the cell cycle are histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During telophase
2. During G2-stage of prophase
3. During S-phase
4. During entire prophase

Question-4. Balbiani rings (puffs) are sites of

1. synthesis of lipids
2. DNA replication
3. RNA and protein synthesis
4. synthesis of polysaccharides

Question-5. Best material for the study of mitosis in laboratory is

1. ovary
2. anther
3. root tip
4. leaf tip

Question-6. Best stage to observe shape, size and number of chromosomes is

1. telophase
2. interphase
3. metaphase
4. prophase

Question-7. Centromere is a part of

1. endoplasmic reticulum
2. ribosomes
3. chromosome
4. mitochondria

Question-8. Chromosome duplication without nuclear division refers to

1. androgenesis
2. mitosis
3. endomitosis
4. meiosis

Question-9. Chromosome movement during anaphase is the result of

1. shortening of the microtubules at the centrosome that pull the chromosomes toward the poles
2. Both
3. None of these
4. the molecular motors at the kinetochores that move the chromosomes toward the poles.

Question-10. Crossing over in diploid organism is responsible for

1. recombination of linked alleles
2. dominance of genes
3. linkage between genes
4. segregation of alleles

Question-11. Crossing over that results in genetic recombination in higher organisms occur between

1. two different bivalents
2. sister chromatids of bivalent
3. non-sister chromatids of a bivalent
4. two daughter nuclei

Question-12. Cytoskeleton is made up of:

1. Callose deposits
2. Cellulosic microfibrils
3. Proteinaceous filaments
4. Calcium carbonate granules

Question-13. DNA is mainly found in

1. nucleolus
2. nucleus only
3. cytoplasm only
4. Both a) and b)

Question-14. During cell cycle, the DNA replication occurs in

1. G2-phase
2. M-phase
3. S-phase
4. G1-phase

Question-15. During cell division in apical meristem the nuclear membrane appears in

1. cytokinesis
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase

Question-16. During cell division, sometimes there will be failure of separation of sister chromatids. This event is called

1. interference
2. non-disjunction
3. coincidence
4. complementation

Question-17. During cell division, the spindle fibres attach to the chromosome at a region called

1. chromomere
2. chromocentre
3. kinetochore
4. centriole

Question-18. During mitosis ER and nucleolus begin to disappear at

1. Early prophase
2. Late prophase
3. Early metaphase
4. Late metaphase

Question-19. During which stages (or prophase I substages) of meiosis do you expect to find the bivalents and DNA replication respectively?

1. None of these
2. Zygotene and S phase (of interphase prior to prophase I)
3. Both
4. Pachytene and interphase (just prior to prophase I)

Question-20. Experiments on Acetabularia by Hammerling proved the role of

1. nucleo-cytoplasmie ratio
2. cytoplasm in controlling differentiation
3. nucleus in heredity
4. chromosomes in heredity

Question-21. Extra nuclear chromosomes occur in

1. chloroplast, lysosome
2. peroxisome, ribosome
3. chloroplast, mitochondria
4. mitochondria, ribosome

Question-22. Extra nuclear DNA (genes) are located in

1. ribosomes and mitochondria
2. lysosomes and chloroplasts
3. Golgi complex and ribosomes
4. chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question-23. Four daughter cells formed after meiosis are

1. anucleate
2. genetically different
3. multinucleate
4. genetically similar

Question-24. Genes located on mitochondrial DNA

1. are not inherited
2. generally show maternal inheritance
3. are always inherited from the male parent
4. show biparental inheritance like the nuclear genes

Question-25. Genophore/bacterial genome or nucleoid is made of

1. a single stranded DNA
2. histones and non-histones
3. RNA and histones
4. a single double stranded DNA

Question-26. HammerlingÂ’s experiments of Acetabularia involved exchanging

1. gametes
2. cytoplasm
3. nucleus
4. rhizoid and stalk

Question-27. How many mitotic divisions are needed for a single cell to make 128 cells?

1. 64
2. 7
3. 14
4. 28

Question-28. If a diploid cell is treated with colchicine then it becomes

1. monoploid
2. triploid
3. tetraploid
4. diploid

Question-29. If you are provided with root tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes, which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into?

1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Telophase
4. Anaphase

Question-30. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves

1. the separation of sister chromatids
2. the contraction of the contractile ring of microfilament
3. depolymerisation of kinetochore microtubules
4. a protein kinase that phosphorylates other enzymes

Question-31. In cell cycle, DNA replication takes place in

1. S-phase
2. G1 – phase
3. G2–phase
4. mitotic metaphase

Question-32. In meiosis, the daughter cells differ from parent cell as well as amongst themselves due to

1. segregation and independent assortment
2. segregation, independent assortment and crossing over
3. segregation and crossing over
4. independent assortment and crossing over

Question-33. In salivary gland chromosomes/polytene chromosomes pairing is

1. formed between homologous chromosomes
2. absent
3. occasional
4. formed between non-homologous chromosome

Question-34. In telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and nuclear membranes form. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in

1. None of these
2. prophase.
3. metaphase.
4. interphase.

Question-35. In the somatic cell cycle

1. G2-phase follows mitotic phase
2. in G1-phase DNA content is double the amount of DNA present in the original cell
3. DNA replication takes place in S-phase
4. a short interphase is followed by a long mitotic phase

Question-36. In which stage of the cell cycle histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During G2 stage of prophase
2. During S-phase
3. During entire prophase
4. During telophase

Question-37. Lampbrush chromosomes are seen in which typical stage?

1. Mitotic metaphase
2. Meiotic prophase
3. Mitotic prophase
4. Mitotic anaphase

Question-38. Lampbrush chromosomes occur during

1. interphase
2. prophase of mitosis
3. diplotene of meiosis
4. metaphase of meiosis

Question-39. Meiosis has evolutionary significance because it results in

1. recombinations
2. genetically similar daughters
3. four daughter cells
4. eggs and sperms

Question-40. Meiosis-II performs

1. separation of chromatids
2. separation of sex chromosomes
3. synthesis of DNA and centromeres
4. separation of homologous chromosomes

Question-41. Mitotic anaphase differs from metaphase in possessing

1. same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
2. same number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids
3. half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
4. half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

Question-42. Mitotic spindle is mainly composed of which protein?

1. Myoglobin
2. Actin
3. Myosin
4. Actomyosin

Question-43. Nucleoproteins are synthesized in

1. cytoplasm
2. nucleoplasm
3. nuclear envelope
4. nucleolus

Question-44. Number of chromatids at metaphase is

1. one in mitosis and two in meiosis
2. two each in mitosis and meiosis
3. two in mitosis and one in meiosis
4. two in mitosis and four in meiosis

Question-45. Programmed cell death (apoptosis)

1. None of these
2. is a natural process during development
3. is signaled by the initiated of mitosis
4. occurs in cells that have been deprived of essential nutrients.

Question-46. Recombination of genes occur at

1. prophase in mitosis
2. prophase I in meiosis
3. prophase II in meiosis
4. metaphase II in meiosis

Question-47. Ribosomes are produced in

1. Golgibody
2. nucleolus
3. cytoplasm
4. mitochondria

Question-48. Segregation of Mendelian factor (A

1. anaphase-II
2. occurs during a) diplotene
3. anaphase-I
4. zygotene/pachytene

Question-49. Synapsis occurs between:

1. mRNA and ribosomes
2. spindle fibres and centromere
3. two homologous chromosomes
4. a male and a female gamete

Question-50. The 3'-5' phosphodiester linkages inside a polynucleotide chain serve to join

1. One DNA strand with the other DNA strand.
2. One nucleoside with another nucleoside
3. One nucleotide with another nucleotide
4. One nitrogenous base with pentose sugar

Question-51. The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because

1. DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes
2. DNA is complexed with histones in prokaryotes
3. repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes
4. genes in the former cases are organised into operons

Question-52. The exchange of genetic material between chromatids of paired homologous chromosomes during first meiotic division is called

1. synapsis
2. transformation
3. chiasmata
4. crossing over

Question-53. The number of chromatids in a chromosome at anaphase is

1. 2 in mitosis and 1 in meiosis
2. 1 in mitosis and 2 in meiosis
3. 2 each in mitosis and meiosis
4. 2 in mitosis and 4 in meiosis

Question-54. The point, at which polytene chromosomes appear to be attached together, is called

1. chromocentre
2. centriole
3. centromere
4. chromomere

Question-55. The salivary gland chromosomes in the dipteran larvae are useful in gene mapping because

1. they have endoreduplicated chromosomes
2. these are much longer in size
3. these are easy to stain
4. these are fused

Question-56. The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises other constituents of the cell and eventually divide into two daughter cell is termed as

1. None of these
2. M-phase
3. Karyochorists
4. Cell cycle

Question-57. The stage between two meiotic divisions is called interkinesis and

1. Is long lived
2. Is generally short lived and followed by prophase II
3. Involves duplication of genes and centrioles
4. Is followed by prophase I

Question-58. The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent

1. maternal and paternal chromosomes joined at the centromere
2. replicated chromosomes to be separated at anaphase
3. homologous chromosomes of a diploid set
4. non-homologous chromosomes joined at the centromere

Question-59. What are those structures that appear as ‘beads-on-string’ in the chromosomes, when viewed under electron microscope ?

1. Base pairs
2. Genes
3. Nucleotides
4. Nucleosomes

Question-60. What is true about telophase stage?

1. Chromosomes lose their identity as discrete elements
2. All of these
3. Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform
4. Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles

Question-61. What would be the number of chromosomes of the aleurone cells of a plant with 42 chromosomes in its root tip cells ?

1. 21
2. 42
3. 63
4. 84

Question-62. Which of the following carry the same genetic information?

1. homologous chromosomes
2. sister chromatids
3. X and Y chromosomes
4. all autosomes

Question-63. Which of the following is true of kineto-chores?

1. They are organized so that there is one per sister chromatid in meiosis
2. All of the above
3. They are localized at the centromere of each chromosome
4. They are the sites where microtubules attach to separate the chromosomes.

Question-64. Which of the following occurs more than one and less than five in a chromosome?

1. Telomere
2. Chromatid
3. Chromosome
4. Centromere

Question-65. Which one of the following events is incorrect for cell cycle?

1. Centriole duplication occurs in S-phase
2. All events are under genetic control
3. Maximum cell growth occurs in M-phase
4. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific

Question-66. Which one of the following precedes reformation of the nuclear envelope during Mphase of the cell cycle?

1. Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes
2. Decondensation from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina
3. Transcription from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina
4. Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast

Question-67. Which one of the following statements about the particular entity is true ?

1. Centromere is found in animal cells, which produces aster during cell division.
2. The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell
3. Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides
4. DNA consists of a core of eight histones

Question-68. Which one of the following structures will not be common to mitotic cells of higher plants?

1. Spindle fibres
2. Cell plate
3. Centriole
4. Centromere

Question-69. Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence: I. Terminalization II. Crossing over III. Synapsis IV. Disjunction of genomes The correct sequences:

1. I, IV, III, II
2. II, I, IV, III
3. III, II, I, IV
4. IV, III, II, I

Question-70. Cell plate grows from

1. simultaneously
2. walls to the centre
3. centre to the walls
4. in patches

Question-71. Centromere is a constituent of

1. Mitochondrion
2. Ribosome
3. ER
4. Chromosome

Question-72. Choose the correct sequence. A. Chromatin condensation B. Protein synthesis C. Duplication of centrioles D. Centrioles moves towards opposite poles

1. A, C, D, B
2. C, A, B, D
3. C, B, A, D
4. C, D, B, A

Question-73. Choose the correct sequence. A. Pachytene B. Zygotene C. Leptotene D. Diakinesis E. Diplotene

1. D, B, C, E, A
2. C, B, A, D, E
3. C, A, B, E, D
4. C, B, A, E, D

Question-74. During which stage the chromosomes first become visible.

1. Telophase
2. Anaphase
3. Metaphase
4. Prophase

Question-75. Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum cannot be seen during

1. late metaphase
2. late telophase
3. late prophase
4. early anaphase

Question-76. How many chromosomes are there in onion root tip cell?

1. 36
2. 6
3. 16
4. 26

Question-77. If you are provided with root-tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into:

1. Metaphase
2. Prophase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase

Question-78. In mitosis, nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear during

1. Telophase
2. Metaphase
3. Interphase
4. Prophase

Question-79. In which phase of cell cycle, proteins are synthesised?

1. S
2. G0
3. G1
4. G2

Question-80. Karyokinesis is the term used for

1. separation of daughter chromosomes
2. division of cytoplasm
3. division of nucleoplasm
4. division of nucleus

Question-81. Lampbrush chromosomes are observed in

1. Meiotic prophase
2. Mitotic prophase
3. Mitotic metaphase
4. Meiotic metaphase

Question-82. Meiosis occurs for the human female in

1. Kidney
2. Pancreas
3. Liver
4. Ovary

Question-83. Synaptonemal complex dissolves in…..............stage.

1. Diplotene
2. Zygotene
3. Pachytene
4. Diakinesis

Question-84. The major event that occurs during the anaphase of mitosis, which brings about the equal distribution of chromosomes, is

1. condensation of the chromatin
2. splitting of the centromeres
3. splitting of the chromatids
4. replication of the genetic material

Question-85. The stage in which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle is

1. Telophase
2. Anaphase
3. Metaphase
4. Prophase

Question-86. What type of plant is formed when colchicine is used in the process of development of Raphanobrassica?

1. Allotetraploid
2. Autotetraploid
3. Haploid
4. Triploid

Question-87. Which of the following cellular structures always disappears during mitosis and meiosis?

1. none of these
2. Plasma membrane
3. Nucleolus and nuclear envelope
4. Plastids

Question-88.

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