Cell cycle and cell division MCQs with Answers

Question-1. The centromere is situated close to its ends and forming one extremely short and one very long arm in

1. Acrocentric chromosome
2. Telocentric chromosome
3. Sub-metacentric chromosome
4. Metacentric chromosome

Question-2. A bivalent consists of

1. two chromatids and one centromere
2. two chromatids and two centromeres
3. four chromatids and two centromeres
4. four chromatids and four centromeres

Question-3. At what stage of the cell cycle are histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During G2-stage of prophase
2. During S-phase
3. During entire prophase
4. During telophase

Question-4. Balbiani rings (puffs) are sites of

1. DNA replication
2. RNA and protein synthesis
3. synthesis of polysaccharides
4. synthesis of lipids

Question-5. Best material for the study of mitosis in laboratory is

1. anther
2. root tip
3. leaf tip
4. ovary

Question-6. Best stage to observe shape, size and number of chromosomes is

1. interphase
2. metaphase
3. prophase
4. telophase

Question-7. Centromere is a part of

1. ribosomes
2. chromosome
3. mitochondria
4. endoplasmic reticulum

Question-8. Chromosome duplication without nuclear division refers to

1. mitosis
2. endomitosis
3. meiosis
4. androgenesis

Question-9. Chromosome movement during anaphase is the result of

1. Both
2. None of these
3. the molecular motors at the kinetochores that move the chromosomes toward the poles.
4. shortening of the microtubules at the centrosome that pull the chromosomes toward the poles

Question-10. Crossing over in diploid organism is responsible for

1. dominance of genes
2. linkage between genes
3. segregation of alleles
4. recombination of linked alleles

Question-11. Crossing over that results in genetic recombination in higher organisms occur between

1. sister chromatids of bivalent
2. non-sister chromatids of a bivalent
3. two daughter nuclei
4. two different bivalents

Question-12. Cytoskeleton is made up of:

1. Cellulosic microfibrils
2. Proteinaceous filaments
3. Calcium carbonate granules
4. Callose deposits

Question-13. DNA is mainly found in

1. nucleus only
2. cytoplasm only
3. Both a) and b)
4. nucleolus

Question-14. During cell cycle, the DNA replication occurs in

1. M-phase
2. S-phase
3. G1-phase
4. G2-phase

Question-15. During cell division in apical meristem the nuclear membrane appears in

1. metaphase
2. anaphase
3. telophase
4. cytokinesis

Question-16. During cell division, sometimes there will be failure of separation of sister chromatids. This event is called

1. non-disjunction
2. coincidence
3. complementation
4. interference

Question-17. During cell division, the spindle fibres attach to the chromosome at a region called

1. chromocentre
2. kinetochore
3. centriole
4. chromomere

Question-18. During mitosis ER and nucleolus begin to disappear at

1. Late prophase
2. Early metaphase
3. Late metaphase
4. Early prophase

Question-19. During which stages (or prophase I substages) of meiosis do you expect to find the bivalents and DNA replication respectively?

1. Zygotene and S phase (of interphase prior to prophase I)
2. Both
3. Pachytene and interphase (just prior to prophase I)
4. None of these

Question-20. Experiments on Acetabularia by Hammerling proved the role of

1. cytoplasm in controlling differentiation
2. nucleus in heredity
3. chromosomes in heredity
4. nucleo-cytoplasmie ratio

Question-21. Extra nuclear chromosomes occur in

1. peroxisome, ribosome
2. chloroplast, mitochondria
3. mitochondria, ribosome
4. chloroplast, lysosome

Question-22. Extra nuclear DNA (genes) are located in

1. lysosomes and chloroplasts
2. Golgi complex and ribosomes
3. chloroplasts and mitochondria
4. ribosomes and mitochondria

Question-23. Four daughter cells formed after meiosis are

1. genetically different
2. multinucleate
3. genetically similar
4. anucleate

Question-24. Genes located on mitochondrial DNA

1. generally show maternal inheritance
2. are always inherited from the male parent
3. show biparental inheritance like the nuclear genes
4. are not inherited

Question-25. Genophore/bacterial genome or nucleoid is made of

1. histones and non-histones
2. RNA and histones
3. a single double stranded DNA
4. a single stranded DNA

Question-26. HammerlingÂ’s experiments of Acetabularia involved exchanging

1. cytoplasm
2. nucleus
3. rhizoid and stalk
4. gametes

Question-27. How many mitotic divisions are needed for a single cell to make 128 cells?

1. 7
2. 14
3. 28
4. 64

Question-28. If a diploid cell is treated with colchicine then it becomes

1. triploid
2. tetraploid
3. diploid
4. monoploid

Question-29. If you are provided with root tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes, which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into?

1. Metaphase
2. Telophase
3. Anaphase
4. Prophase

Question-30. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves

1. the contraction of the contractile ring of microfilament
2. depolymerisation of kinetochore microtubules
3. a protein kinase that phosphorylates other enzymes
4. the separation of sister chromatids

Question-31. In cell cycle, DNA replication takes place in

1. G1 – phase
2. G2–phase
3. mitotic metaphase
4. S-phase

Question-32. In meiosis, the daughter cells differ from parent cell as well as amongst themselves due to

1. segregation, independent assortment and crossing over
2. segregation and crossing over
3. independent assortment and crossing over
4. segregation and independent assortment

Question-33. In salivary gland chromosomes/polytene chromosomes pairing is

1. absent
2. occasional
3. formed between non-homologous chromosome
4. formed between homologous chromosomes

Question-34. In telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and nuclear membranes form. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in

1. prophase.
2. metaphase.
3. interphase.
4. None of these

Question-35. In the somatic cell cycle

1. in G1-phase DNA content is double the amount of DNA present in the original cell
2. DNA replication takes place in S-phase
3. a short interphase is followed by a long mitotic phase
4. G2-phase follows mitotic phase

Question-36. In which stage of the cell cycle histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During S-phase
2. During entire prophase
3. During telophase
4. During G2 stage of prophase

Question-37. Lampbrush chromosomes are seen in which typical stage?

1. Meiotic prophase
2. Mitotic prophase
3. Mitotic anaphase
4. Mitotic metaphase

Question-38. Lampbrush chromosomes occur during

1. prophase of mitosis
2. diplotene of meiosis
3. metaphase of meiosis
4. interphase

Question-39. Meiosis has evolutionary significance because it results in

1. genetically similar daughters
2. four daughter cells
3. eggs and sperms
4. recombinations

Question-40. Meiosis-II performs

1. separation of sex chromosomes
2. synthesis of DNA and centromeres
3. separation of homologous chromosomes
4. separation of chromatids

Question-41. Mitotic anaphase differs from metaphase in possessing

1. same number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids
2. half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
3. half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids
4. same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids

Question-42. Mitotic spindle is mainly composed of which protein?

1. Actin
2. Myosin
3. Actomyosin
4. Myoglobin

Question-43. Nucleoproteins are synthesized in

1. nucleoplasm
2. nuclear envelope
3. nucleolus
4. cytoplasm

Question-44. Number of chromatids at metaphase is

1. two each in mitosis and meiosis
2. two in mitosis and one in meiosis
3. two in mitosis and four in meiosis
4. one in mitosis and two in meiosis

Question-45. Programmed cell death (apoptosis)

1. is a natural process during development
2. is signaled by the initiated of mitosis
3. occurs in cells that have been deprived of essential nutrients.
4. None of these

Question-46. Recombination of genes occur at

1. prophase I in meiosis
2. prophase II in meiosis
3. metaphase II in meiosis
4. prophase in mitosis

Question-47. Ribosomes are produced in

1. nucleolus
2. cytoplasm
3. mitochondria
4. Golgibody

Question-48. Segregation of Mendelian factor (A

1. occurs during a) diplotene
2. anaphase-I
3. zygotene/pachytene
4. anaphase-II

Question-49. Synapsis occurs between:

1. spindle fibres and centromere
2. two homologous chromosomes
3. a male and a female gamete
4. mRNA and ribosomes

Question-50. The 3'-5' phosphodiester linkages inside a polynucleotide chain serve to join

1. One nucleoside with another nucleoside
2. One nucleotide with another nucleotide
3. One nitrogenous base with pentose sugar
4. One DNA strand with the other DNA strand.

Question-51. The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because

1. DNA is complexed with histones in prokaryotes
2. repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes
3. genes in the former cases are organised into operons
4. DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes

Question-52. The exchange of genetic material between chromatids of paired homologous chromosomes during first meiotic division is called

1. transformation
2. chiasmata
3. crossing over
4. synapsis

Question-53. The number of chromatids in a chromosome at anaphase is

1. 1 in mitosis and 2 in meiosis
2. 2 each in mitosis and meiosis
3. 2 in mitosis and 4 in meiosis
4. 2 in mitosis and 1 in meiosis

Question-54. The point, at which polytene chromosomes appear to be attached together, is called

1. centriole
2. centromere
3. chromomere
4. chromocentre

Question-55. The salivary gland chromosomes in the dipteran larvae are useful in gene mapping because

1. these are much longer in size
2. these are easy to stain
3. these are fused
4. they have endoreduplicated chromosomes

Question-56. The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises other constituents of the cell and eventually divide into two daughter cell is termed as

1. M-phase
2. Karyochorists
3. Cell cycle
4. None of these

Question-57. The stage between two meiotic divisions is called interkinesis and

1. Is generally short lived and followed by prophase II
2. Involves duplication of genes and centrioles
3. Is followed by prophase I
4. Is long lived

Question-58. The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent

1. replicated chromosomes to be separated at anaphase
2. homologous chromosomes of a diploid set
3. non-homologous chromosomes joined at the centromere
4. maternal and paternal chromosomes joined at the centromere

Question-59. What are those structures that appear as ‘beads-on-string’ in the chromosomes, when viewed under electron microscope ?

1. Genes
2. Nucleotides
3. Nucleosomes
4. Base pairs

Question-60. What is true about telophase stage?

1. All of these
2. Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform
3. Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles
4. Chromosomes lose their identity as discrete elements

Question-61. What would be the number of chromosomes of the aleurone cells of a plant with 42 chromosomes in its root tip cells ?

1. 42
2. 63
3. 84
4. 21

Question-62. Which of the following carry the same genetic information?

1. sister chromatids
2. X and Y chromosomes
3. all autosomes
4. homologous chromosomes

Question-63. Which of the following is true of kineto-chores?

1. All of the above
2. They are localized at the centromere of each chromosome
3. They are the sites where microtubules attach to separate the chromosomes.
4. They are organized so that there is one per sister chromatid in meiosis

Question-64. Which of the following occurs more than one and less than five in a chromosome?

1. Chromatid
2. Chromosome
3. Centromere
4. Telomere

Question-65. Which one of the following events is incorrect for cell cycle?

1. All events are under genetic control
2. Maximum cell growth occurs in M-phase
3. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific
4. Centriole duplication occurs in S-phase

Question-66. Which one of the following precedes reformation of the nuclear envelope during Mphase of the cell cycle?

1. Decondensation from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina
2. Transcription from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina
3. Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast
4. Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes

Question-67. Which one of the following statements about the particular entity is true ?

1. The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell
2. Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides
3. DNA consists of a core of eight histones
4. Centromere is found in animal cells, which produces aster during cell division.

Question-68. Which one of the following structures will not be common to mitotic cells of higher plants?

1. Cell plate
2. Centriole
3. Centromere
4. Spindle fibres

Question-69. Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence: I. Terminalization II. Crossing over III. Synapsis IV. Disjunction of genomes The correct sequences:

1. II, I, IV, III
2. III, II, I, IV
3. IV, III, II, I
4. I, IV, III, II

Question-70. Cell plate grows from

1. walls to the centre
2. centre to the walls
3. in patches
4. simultaneously

Question-71. Centromere is a constituent of

1. Ribosome
2. ER
3. Chromosome
4. Mitochondrion

Question-72. Choose the correct sequence. A. Chromatin condensation B. Protein synthesis C. Duplication of centrioles D. Centrioles moves towards opposite poles

1. C, A, B, D
2. C, B, A, D
3. C, D, B, A
4. A, C, D, B

Question-73. Choose the correct sequence. A. Pachytene B. Zygotene C. Leptotene D. Diakinesis E. Diplotene

1. C, B, A, D, E
2. C, A, B, E, D
3. C, B, A, E, D
4. D, B, C, E, A

Question-74. During which stage the chromosomes first become visible.

1. Anaphase
2. Metaphase
3. Prophase
4. Telophase

Question-75. Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum cannot be seen during

1. late telophase
2. late prophase
3. early anaphase
4. late metaphase

Question-76. How many chromosomes are there in onion root tip cell?

1. 6
2. 16
3. 26
4. 36

Question-77. If you are provided with root-tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into:

1. Prophase
2. Anaphase
3. Telophase
4. Metaphase

Question-78. In mitosis, nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear during

1. Metaphase
2. Interphase
3. Prophase
4. Telophase

Question-79. In which phase of cell cycle, proteins are synthesised?

1. G0
2. G1
3. G2
4. S

Question-80. Karyokinesis is the term used for

1. division of cytoplasm
2. division of nucleoplasm
3. division of nucleus
4. separation of daughter chromosomes

Question-81. Lampbrush chromosomes are observed in

1. Mitotic prophase
2. Mitotic metaphase
3. Meiotic metaphase
4. Meiotic prophase

Question-82. Meiosis occurs for the human female in

1. Pancreas
2. Liver
3. Ovary
4. Kidney

Question-83. Synaptonemal complex dissolves in…..............stage.

1. Zygotene
2. Pachytene
3. Diakinesis
4. Diplotene

Question-84. The major event that occurs during the anaphase of mitosis, which brings about the equal distribution of chromosomes, is

1. splitting of the centromeres
2. splitting of the chromatids
3. replication of the genetic material
4. condensation of the chromatin

Question-85. The stage in which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle is

1. Anaphase
2. Metaphase
3. Prophase
4. Telophase

Question-86. What type of plant is formed when colchicine is used in the process of development of Raphanobrassica?

1. Autotetraploid
2. Haploid
3. Triploid
4. Allotetraploid

Question-87. Which of the following cellular structures always disappears during mitosis and meiosis?

1. Plasma membrane
2. Nucleolus and nuclear envelope
3. Plastids
4. none of these

Question-88.

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