Cell cycle and cell division MCQs with Answers

Question-1. The centromere is situated close to its ends and forming one extremely short and one very long arm in

1. Telocentric chromosome
2. Sub-metacentric chromosome
3. Metacentric chromosome
4. Acrocentric chromosome

Question-2. A bivalent consists of

1. two chromatids and two centromeres
2. four chromatids and two centromeres
3. four chromatids and four centromeres
4. two chromatids and one centromere

Question-3. At what stage of the cell cycle are histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During S-phase
2. During entire prophase
3. During telophase
4. During G2-stage of prophase

Question-4. Balbiani rings (puffs) are sites of

1. RNA and protein synthesis
2. synthesis of polysaccharides
3. synthesis of lipids
4. DNA replication

Question-5. Best material for the study of mitosis in laboratory is

1. root tip
2. leaf tip
3. ovary
4. anther

Question-6. Best stage to observe shape, size and number of chromosomes is

1. metaphase
2. prophase
3. telophase
4. interphase

Question-7. Centromere is a part of

1. chromosome
2. mitochondria
3. endoplasmic reticulum
4. ribosomes

Question-8. Chromosome duplication without nuclear division refers to

1. endomitosis
2. meiosis
3. androgenesis
4. mitosis

Question-9. Chromosome movement during anaphase is the result of

1. None of these
2. the molecular motors at the kinetochores that move the chromosomes toward the poles.
3. shortening of the microtubules at the centrosome that pull the chromosomes toward the poles
4. Both

Question-10. Crossing over in diploid organism is responsible for

1. linkage between genes
2. segregation of alleles
3. recombination of linked alleles
4. dominance of genes

Question-11. Crossing over that results in genetic recombination in higher organisms occur between

1. non-sister chromatids of a bivalent
2. two daughter nuclei
3. two different bivalents
4. sister chromatids of bivalent

Question-12. Cytoskeleton is made up of:

1. Proteinaceous filaments
2. Calcium carbonate granules
3. Callose deposits
4. Cellulosic microfibrils

Question-13. DNA is mainly found in

1. cytoplasm only
2. Both a) and b)
3. nucleolus
4. nucleus only

Question-14. During cell cycle, the DNA replication occurs in

1. S-phase
2. G1-phase
3. G2-phase
4. M-phase

Question-15. During cell division in apical meristem the nuclear membrane appears in

1. anaphase
2. telophase
3. cytokinesis
4. metaphase

Question-16. During cell division, sometimes there will be failure of separation of sister chromatids. This event is called

1. coincidence
2. complementation
3. interference
4. non-disjunction

Question-17. During cell division, the spindle fibres attach to the chromosome at a region called

1. kinetochore
2. centriole
3. chromomere
4. chromocentre

Question-18. During mitosis ER and nucleolus begin to disappear at

1. Early metaphase
2. Late metaphase
3. Early prophase
4. Late prophase

Question-19. During which stages (or prophase I substages) of meiosis do you expect to find the bivalents and DNA replication respectively?

1. Both
2. Pachytene and interphase (just prior to prophase I)
3. None of these
4. Zygotene and S phase (of interphase prior to prophase I)

Question-20. Experiments on Acetabularia by Hammerling proved the role of

1. nucleus in heredity
2. chromosomes in heredity
3. nucleo-cytoplasmie ratio
4. cytoplasm in controlling differentiation

Question-21. Extra nuclear chromosomes occur in

1. chloroplast, mitochondria
2. mitochondria, ribosome
3. chloroplast, lysosome
4. peroxisome, ribosome

Question-22. Extra nuclear DNA (genes) are located in

1. Golgi complex and ribosomes
2. chloroplasts and mitochondria
3. ribosomes and mitochondria
4. lysosomes and chloroplasts

Question-23. Four daughter cells formed after meiosis are

1. multinucleate
2. genetically similar
3. anucleate
4. genetically different

Question-24. Genes located on mitochondrial DNA

1. are always inherited from the male parent
2. show biparental inheritance like the nuclear genes
3. are not inherited
4. generally show maternal inheritance

Question-25. Genophore/bacterial genome or nucleoid is made of

1. RNA and histones
2. a single double stranded DNA
3. a single stranded DNA
4. histones and non-histones

Question-26. HammerlingÂ’s experiments of Acetabularia involved exchanging

1. nucleus
2. rhizoid and stalk
3. gametes
4. cytoplasm

Question-27. How many mitotic divisions are needed for a single cell to make 128 cells?

1. 14
2. 28
3. 64
4. 7

Question-28. If a diploid cell is treated with colchicine then it becomes

1. tetraploid
2. diploid
3. monoploid
4. triploid

Question-29. If you are provided with root tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes, which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into?

1. Telophase
2. Anaphase
3. Prophase
4. Metaphase

Question-30. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves

1. depolymerisation of kinetochore microtubules
2. a protein kinase that phosphorylates other enzymes
3. the separation of sister chromatids
4. the contraction of the contractile ring of microfilament

Question-31. In cell cycle, DNA replication takes place in

1. G2–phase
2. mitotic metaphase
3. S-phase
4. G1 – phase

Question-32. In meiosis, the daughter cells differ from parent cell as well as amongst themselves due to

1. segregation and crossing over
2. independent assortment and crossing over
3. segregation and independent assortment
4. segregation, independent assortment and crossing over

Question-33. In salivary gland chromosomes/polytene chromosomes pairing is

1. occasional
2. formed between non-homologous chromosome
3. formed between homologous chromosomes
4. absent

Question-34. In telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and nuclear membranes form. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in

1. metaphase.
2. interphase.
3. None of these
4. prophase.

Question-35. In the somatic cell cycle

1. DNA replication takes place in S-phase
2. a short interphase is followed by a long mitotic phase
3. G2-phase follows mitotic phase
4. in G1-phase DNA content is double the amount of DNA present in the original cell

Question-36. In which stage of the cell cycle histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell?

1. During entire prophase
2. During telophase
3. During G2 stage of prophase
4. During S-phase

Question-37. Lampbrush chromosomes are seen in which typical stage?

1. Mitotic prophase
2. Mitotic anaphase
3. Mitotic metaphase
4. Meiotic prophase

Question-38. Lampbrush chromosomes occur during

1. diplotene of meiosis
2. metaphase of meiosis
3. interphase
4. prophase of mitosis

Question-39. Meiosis has evolutionary significance because it results in

1. four daughter cells
2. eggs and sperms
3. recombinations
4. genetically similar daughters

Question-40. Meiosis-II performs

1. synthesis of DNA and centromeres
2. separation of homologous chromosomes
3. separation of chromatids
4. separation of sex chromosomes

Question-41. Mitotic anaphase differs from metaphase in possessing

1. half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
2. half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids
3. same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
4. same number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids

Question-42. Mitotic spindle is mainly composed of which protein?

1. Myosin
2. Actomyosin
3. Myoglobin
4. Actin

Question-43. Nucleoproteins are synthesized in

1. nuclear envelope
2. nucleolus
3. cytoplasm
4. nucleoplasm

Question-44. Number of chromatids at metaphase is

1. two in mitosis and one in meiosis
2. two in mitosis and four in meiosis
3. one in mitosis and two in meiosis
4. two each in mitosis and meiosis

Question-45. Programmed cell death (apoptosis)

1. is signaled by the initiated of mitosis
2. occurs in cells that have been deprived of essential nutrients.
3. None of these
4. is a natural process during development

Question-46. Recombination of genes occur at

1. prophase II in meiosis
2. metaphase II in meiosis
3. prophase in mitosis
4. prophase I in meiosis

Question-47. Ribosomes are produced in

1. cytoplasm
2. mitochondria
3. Golgibody
4. nucleolus

Question-48. Segregation of Mendelian factor (A

1. anaphase-I
2. zygotene/pachytene
3. anaphase-II
4. occurs during a) diplotene

Question-49. Synapsis occurs between:

1. two homologous chromosomes
2. a male and a female gamete
3. mRNA and ribosomes
4. spindle fibres and centromere

Question-50. The 3'-5' phosphodiester linkages inside a polynucleotide chain serve to join

1. One nucleotide with another nucleotide
2. One nitrogenous base with pentose sugar
3. One DNA strand with the other DNA strand.
4. One nucleoside with another nucleoside

Question-51. The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because

1. repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes
2. genes in the former cases are organised into operons
3. DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes
4. DNA is complexed with histones in prokaryotes

Question-52. The exchange of genetic material between chromatids of paired homologous chromosomes during first meiotic division is called

1. chiasmata
2. crossing over
3. synapsis
4. transformation

Question-53. The number of chromatids in a chromosome at anaphase is

1. 2 each in mitosis and meiosis
2. 2 in mitosis and 4 in meiosis
3. 2 in mitosis and 1 in meiosis
4. 1 in mitosis and 2 in meiosis

Question-54. The point, at which polytene chromosomes appear to be attached together, is called

1. centromere
2. chromomere
3. chromocentre
4. centriole

Question-55. The salivary gland chromosomes in the dipteran larvae are useful in gene mapping because

1. these are easy to stain
2. these are fused
3. they have endoreduplicated chromosomes
4. these are much longer in size

Question-56. The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesises other constituents of the cell and eventually divide into two daughter cell is termed as

1. Karyochorists
2. Cell cycle
3. None of these
4. M-phase

Question-57. The stage between two meiotic divisions is called interkinesis and

1. Involves duplication of genes and centrioles
2. Is followed by prophase I
3. Is long lived
4. Is generally short lived and followed by prophase II

Question-58. The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent

1. homologous chromosomes of a diploid set
2. non-homologous chromosomes joined at the centromere
3. maternal and paternal chromosomes joined at the centromere
4. replicated chromosomes to be separated at anaphase

Question-59. What are those structures that appear as ‘beads-on-string’ in the chromosomes, when viewed under electron microscope ?

1. Nucleotides
2. Nucleosomes
3. Base pairs
4. Genes

Question-60. What is true about telophase stage?

1. Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform
2. Chromosomes cluster at opposite spindle poles
3. Chromosomes lose their identity as discrete elements
4. All of these

Question-61. What would be the number of chromosomes of the aleurone cells of a plant with 42 chromosomes in its root tip cells ?

1. 63
2. 84
3. 21
4. 42

Question-62. Which of the following carry the same genetic information?

1. X and Y chromosomes
2. all autosomes
3. homologous chromosomes
4. sister chromatids

Question-63. Which of the following is true of kineto-chores?

1. They are localized at the centromere of each chromosome
2. They are the sites where microtubules attach to separate the chromosomes.
3. They are organized so that there is one per sister chromatid in meiosis
4. All of the above

Question-64. Which of the following occurs more than one and less than five in a chromosome?

1. Chromosome
2. Centromere
3. Telomere
4. Chromatid

Question-65. Which one of the following events is incorrect for cell cycle?

1. Maximum cell growth occurs in M-phase
2. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific
3. Centriole duplication occurs in S-phase
4. All events are under genetic control

Question-66. Which one of the following precedes reformation of the nuclear envelope during Mphase of the cell cycle?

1. Transcription from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina
2. Formation of the contractile ring and formation of the phragmoplast
3. Formation of the contractile ring and transcription from chromosomes
4. Decondensation from chromosomes and reassembly of the nuclear lamina

Question-67. Which one of the following statements about the particular entity is true ?

1. Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides
2. DNA consists of a core of eight histones
3. Centromere is found in animal cells, which produces aster during cell division.
4. The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell

Question-68. Which one of the following structures will not be common to mitotic cells of higher plants?

1. Centriole
2. Centromere
3. Spindle fibres
4. Cell plate

Question-69. Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence: I. Terminalization II. Crossing over III. Synapsis IV. Disjunction of genomes The correct sequences:

1. III, II, I, IV
2. IV, III, II, I
3. I, IV, III, II
4. II, I, IV, III

Question-70. Cell plate grows from

1. centre to the walls
2. in patches
3. simultaneously
4. walls to the centre

Question-71. Centromere is a constituent of

1. ER
2. Chromosome
3. Mitochondrion
4. Ribosome

Question-72. Choose the correct sequence. A. Chromatin condensation B. Protein synthesis C. Duplication of centrioles D. Centrioles moves towards opposite poles

1. C, B, A, D
2. C, D, B, A
3. A, C, D, B
4. C, A, B, D

Question-73. Choose the correct sequence. A. Pachytene B. Zygotene C. Leptotene D. Diakinesis E. Diplotene

1. C, A, B, E, D
2. C, B, A, E, D
3. D, B, C, E, A
4. C, B, A, D, E

Question-74. During which stage the chromosomes first become visible.

1. Metaphase
2. Prophase
3. Telophase
4. Anaphase

Question-75. Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum cannot be seen during

1. late prophase
2. early anaphase
3. late metaphase
4. late telophase

Question-76. How many chromosomes are there in onion root tip cell?

1. 16
2. 26
3. 36
4. 6

Question-77. If you are provided with root-tips of onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into:

1. Anaphase
2. Telophase
3. Metaphase
4. Prophase

Question-78. In mitosis, nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear during

1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Telophase
4. Metaphase

Question-79. In which phase of cell cycle, proteins are synthesised?

1. G1
2. G2
3. S
4. G0

Question-80. Karyokinesis is the term used for

1. division of nucleoplasm
2. division of nucleus
3. separation of daughter chromosomes
4. division of cytoplasm

Question-81. Lampbrush chromosomes are observed in

1. Mitotic metaphase
2. Meiotic metaphase
3. Meiotic prophase
4. Mitotic prophase

Question-82. Meiosis occurs for the human female in

1. Liver
2. Ovary
3. Kidney
4. Pancreas

Question-83. Synaptonemal complex dissolves in…..............stage.

1. Pachytene
2. Diakinesis
3. Diplotene
4. Zygotene

Question-84. The major event that occurs during the anaphase of mitosis, which brings about the equal distribution of chromosomes, is

1. splitting of the chromatids
2. replication of the genetic material
3. condensation of the chromatin
4. splitting of the centromeres

Question-85. The stage in which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle is

1. Metaphase
2. Prophase
3. Telophase
4. Anaphase

Question-86. What type of plant is formed when colchicine is used in the process of development of Raphanobrassica?

1. Haploid
2. Triploid
3. Allotetraploid
4. Autotetraploid

Question-87. Which of the following cellular structures always disappears during mitosis and meiosis?

1. Nucleolus and nuclear envelope
2. Plastids
3. none of these
4. Plasma membrane

Question-88.

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